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How important is play to your little one? Consider this. When a child engages in play,

whether it's rolling a ball back and forth with a sibling or putting on a costume and

imagining she's an astronaut -- she's developing important social skills like learning to

take turns, how to cooperate and getting along with others as well as honing her creativity

and imagination. Play doesn't just vary by activity either -- sociologist Mildred Parten

discovered there are six types of play that a child will take part in, depending on their

age, mood and social setting. They are:

Unoccupied play Referring mostly to newborns and infants, the term unoccupied play refers

to activity when a child actually isn't playing at all. He may be engaged in seemingly

random movements, with no objective. Despite appearances, this is definitely play and

setting the stage for future play exploration.
Solitary (independent) play Just what it sounds like -- when your child plays alone. This

type of play is important because it teaches a child how to keep himself entertained,

eventually setting the path for being self sufficient. Any child can play independently,

but this type of play is the most common in younger children ages two or three. Part of it

has to do because they are still pretty self-centered, but a lack of good communication

skills also plays a role. If a child is on the shy side and doesn't know the person who he

is playing with well, he may prefer this type of play.
Onlooker play Also common in younger children who are working on their developing

vocabulary, onlooker play is when a child simply observes other children playing and

doesn't partake in the action. Don't worry if your little one is behaving this way -- it

could be that the child feels shy or needs to learn the rules or maybe is the youngest and

wants to just take a step back for a while.
Parallel play Put two three year olds in a room together and this is what you are likely to

see: the two children having fun, playing side by side in their own little world. It

doesn't mean that they don't like one another, they are just engaging in parallel play.

Despite having little social contact with her playmate, children who parallel play actually

learn quite a bit from one another like taking turns and other social niceties, because

even though it appears they aren't paying attention to each other, they truly are and often

mimic the other one's behavior. As such, this type of play is viewed as an important bridge

to the later stages of play.
Associative play Slightly different than parallel play, associative play also features

children playing separately from one another, but in this mode of play they are involved

with what the others are doing -- think children making a city with blocks. As they build

their individual buildings, they are talking to one another, and engaging each other. This

is an important stage of play because it helps little ones develop a whole host of skills

-- socialization (what should we build now?) and problem solving (how can we make this city

bigger?), cooperation (if we work together we can make our city even better!) and language

development (learning what to say to get their messages across to one another). Through

associative play is how children begin to make real friendships.
Cooperative play Where all the stages come together and children truly start playing

together. Common in older preschoolers (or in younger preschoolers who have older siblings

or have been around a lot of children), cooperative play brings together all of the social

skills your child has been working on and puts them into action. Whether they are building

a puzzle together, playing a board game, "house" or an outdoor game with a group,

cooperative play really sets the stage for future interactions as your child matures into

an adult.
While these stages are important and necessary for a child's social development, there are

other types of play that also contribute to a child's maturity. These types of play usually

develop as a child begins to engage in cooperative play and include:

Dramatic/Fantasy play Got a kid who loves to play dress up? How about "doctor" or

"restaurant?" That's dramatic, or fantasy play. Through this type of play, not only does

your child's imagination get a workout, but they learn how to take turns, cooperate, share

and work on language development. Through role play, kids are also able to learn about

functioning in the greater community.
Competitive play Whether she's beating her brother at Chutes and Ladders or playing on a

local soccer team, your child is engaging in competitive play. Rules and turn taking are

the big lessons taken from this type of play, but so are taking turns and functioning as

part of a team (if that is the type of play involved). This can be a very fun type of play

if your child wins, but be prepared to talk your child through it if she loses.
Physical play This type of play is less about being social (although it certainly involves

that) and more about being physical. Gross and fine motor skills really come into play

here, whether your child is throwing a ball or riding a bike. Physical play is important

because it encourages kids to be active, something they are likely to do as they get older.
Constructive play Building with blocks. Making a road for some toy cars. Constructing a

fort out of couch pillows. All forms of constructive play. Constructive play teaches kids

about manipulation, building and fitting things together. Cognitive skills are important

here too as a child learns to figure out how to make something work best, whether it is a

block tower that won't stand up or a sand castle that keeps collapsing.

Toddler sticking

J stuck each animal to a separate card

Onto each card that I had cut J stuck a single animal. He was very proud of his animal

cards and asked me to write the animals names on the cards – he then “wrote” over a few

with his crayons as he wanted to be like Mummy.